Sucrose on hydrolysis gives

The correct answer is Option (1) → glucose and fructose

Sucrose is a non-reducing disaccharide of glucose and fructose. On hydrolysis with dilute acid or the enzyme invertase it gives an equimolar mixture of D-(+)-glucose and D-(−)-fructose:

    \( \displaystyle \underset{\text{sucrose}}{\ce{C12H22O11}} + \ce{H2O} \xrightarrow{\ce{H+}} \underset{\text{D-(+)-glucose}}{\ce{C6H12O6}} + \underset{\text{D-(}-\text{)-fructose}}{\ce{C6H12O6}} \)

The sign in brackets gives the direction of rotation of plane polarised light: (+) for dextrorotatory and (−) for laevorotatory.

So sucrose gives glucose and fructose.

Why the other options are incorrect

• Option (2) glucose and galactose — Incorrect. These are the hydrolysis products of lactose (milk sugar), which is made of β-D-galactose and β-D-glucose. Sucrose has no galactose unit.

• Option (3) maltose and fructose — Incorrect. Maltose is itself a disaccharide, made of two α-D-glucose units; it is not a product of sucrose. Sucrose is made of one glucose and one fructose unit.

• Option (4) galactose and lactose — Incorrect. Lactose is a disaccharide, and galactose is formed from lactose, not from sucrose. Sucrose contains no galactose unit.

NCERT (2026-27 edition):
Disaccharides – …

Note: The same/similar question has been asked in different years by NTA as per the details given below: