Which of the following statements are correct regarding role of micro…

The correct answer is Option (2) → (A), (B) and (D) only

Microbes are used to make medicines and other bioactive molecules, and also organic acids. Each statement is checked against the organism and the product.

(A) Statins produced by yeast Monascus purpureus used as blood cholesterol lowering agents. — Correct. Statins block the enzyme that makes cholesterol, so they lower blood cholesterol.

(B) Cyclosporin A produced by Trichoderma polysporum which is used as immunosuppressant. — Correct. It is given to organ-transplant patients so that the body does not reject the new organ.

(C) Aspergillus niger is used for commercial production of acetic acid. — Incorrect. Aspergillus niger, a fungus, makes citric acid. Acetic acid is made by the bacterium Acetobacter aceti.

(D) Streptokinase produced from Streptococcus is used as clot buster. — Correct. It removes blood clots from the vessels of patients who have had a heart attack.

NCERT Extract:
Chemicals, Enzymes and other Bioactive Molecules – “… Streptokinase produced by the bacterium Streptococcus and modified by genetic engineering is used as a ‘clot buster’ for removing clots from the blood vessels of patients who have undergone myocardial infarction leading to heart attack. Another bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol.”
Microbes in Industrial Products – “… Examples of acid producers are Aspergillus niger (a fungus) of citric acid, Acetobacter aceti (a bacterium) of acetic acid; Clostridium butylicum (a bacterium) of butyric acid and Lactobacillus (a bacterium) of lactic acid.”