Who was the founder of the Mamluk dynasty in India?

Qutb al-Din Aibak

The correct answer is Option 1- Qutb al-Din Aibak

The founder of the Mamluk dynasty in India was Qutb al-Din Aibak. He was a Turkic slave-general of the Ghurid Empire from Central Asia.

In 1206, the Ghurid sultan Muhammad of Ghor was assassinated. Since he had no male heirs, his empire split into minor sultanates led by his former Mamluk generals. Qutb al-Din Aibak became the sultan of Delhi, and that was the beginning of the Mamluk dynasty.

Aibak was a capable ruler and a brilliant military commander. He expanded the Delhi Sultanate by conquering new territories in northern and central India. He also built several important monuments, including the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque in Delhi and the Qutb Minar.

Aibak died in 1210, and he was succeeded by his son-in-law Iltutmish. Iltutmish was also a capable ruler, and he consolidated the power of the Mamluk dynasty. He also expanded the Delhi Sultanate further and repelled invasions from the Mongols.

The Mamluk dynasty ruled over Delhi for over 90 years. It was one of the most important dynasties in Indian history, and it played a significant role in shaping the culture and society of northern India.