Which among the following is not an ART (assisted reproductive techno…

The correct answer is Option (4) → IUDs

Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are special methods that help infertile couples to have children. Examples are in vitro fertilisation followed by embryo transfer (ZIFT, IUT), GIFT, ICSI and artificial insemination. An IUD is a contraceptive: it is used to prevent pregnancy, which is the opposite purpose.

Option (1) GIFT — An ART. GIFT (gamete intra fallopian transfer) is the transfer of an ovum from a donor into the fallopian tube of a female who cannot produce ova but can support fertilisation and development.

Option (2) IUT — An ART. IUT (intra uterine transfer) is the transfer of an embryo with more than 8 blastomeres into the uterus after fertilisation in the laboratory.

Option (3) ZIFT — An ART. ZIFT (zygote intra fallopian transfer) is the transfer of the zygote or an early embryo with up to 8 blastomeres into the fallopian tube.

Option (4) IUDs — Not an ART. IUDs (intra uterine devices) such as Lippes loop, CuT and LNG-20 are placed in the uterus to prevent conception. They are a method of birth control, not a method of helping a couple to conceive.

NCERT Extract:
Infertility – “… Specialised health care units (infertility clinics, etc.) could help in diagnosis and corrective treatment of some of these disorders and enable these couples to have children. However, where such corrections are not possible, the couples could be assisted to have children through certain special techniques commonly known as assisted reproductive technologies (ART). … The zygote or early embryos (with upto 8 blastomeres) could then be transferred into the fallopian tube (ZIFT–zygote intra fallopian transfer) and embryos with more than 8 blastomeres, into the uterus (IUT – intra uterine transfer), to complete its further development. … Transfer of an ovum collected from a donor into the fallopian tube (GIFT – gamete intra fallopian transfer) of another female who cannot produce one, but can provide suitable environment for fertilisation and further development is another method attempted.”
Population Stabilisation and Birth Control – “… Another effective and popular method is the use of Intra Uterine Devices (IUDs). These devices are inserted by doctors or expert nurses in the uterus through vagina.”