Which of the following shows the shortfall in human development in any region?

1.  The number of people who do not have access to clean water.

2.  The number of small children who are healthy.

3. The probability of not surviving till the age of 40

Only 1 and 3

The probability of not surviving till the age of 40, the adult illiteracy rate, the number of people who do not have access to clean water, and the number of small children who are underweight are all taken into account to show the shortfall in human development in any region. Number of healthy children is an indicator of attainment in human development.