Which of the following statement is correct regarding diffusion?

Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration through semipermeable membrane.

The correct answer is option 2. Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration through semipermeable membrane.

Diffusion is the spontaneous movement of particles (atoms, ions, or molecules) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. This movement occurs in order to achieve a state of equilibrium, where the concentration of particles is uniform throughout the given space. Here's an explanation of the correct statement: Movement of solvent molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration through a semipermeable membrane:

Solvent vs. Solute: In a solution, the solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute. For example, in saltwater (where salt is the solute and water is the solvent), water is the solvent.

Higher to Lower Concentration: Diffusion involves particles moving from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration. This movement occurs until equilibrium is reached.

Semipermeable Membrane: A semipermeable or selectively permeable membrane allows certain particles to pass through while restricting others based on size or charge. In this context, it permits the passage of the solvent molecules but restricts the solute molecules.

Process of Diffusion:

1. Higher Concentration:  Initially, there is a higher concentration of solvent molecules on one side of the semipermeable membrane.

2. Movement: Due to the kinetic energy of the particles, solvent molecules move randomly. Some move from the area of higher concentration through the membrane to the area of lower concentration.

3. Equilibrium: Over time, the solvent molecules continue to move in both directions until equilibrium is achieved. At this point, the concentration of the solvent is the same on both sides of the membrane.