Scholars give three of the following as reasons for the slowdown of t…

The correct answer is Option (4) → Shunning of foreign technology, goods and capital

Scholars name three reasons for the slowdown of Pakistan: political instability, over-dependence on remittances and foreign aid, and a volatile farm sector. Shunning foreign technology, goods and capital was part of the Maoist vision in China.

Option (1) Political instability — Reason for the slowdown. Political instability over a long period hurt Pakistan’s growth.

Option (2) Over-dependence on remittances and foreign aid — Reason for the slowdown. Most foreign exchange came from remittances and loans, not from steady exports.

Option (3) Volatile performance of the agriculture sector — Reason for the slowdown. Farm output depended on good harvests, so growth rose and fell with the weather.

Option (4) Shunning of foreign technology, goods and capital — Odd one out. This describes the Maoist vision in China, which China’s new leaders felt had failed. Pakistan, in fact, depended heavily on foreign aid.