What is the effect of pressure on solubility of a solid in a liquid?

Solubility does not gets altered

The correct answer is option 3. Solubility does not gets altered.

The solubility of a solid in a liquid is not significantly affected by pressure due to the nature of the phases involved. Here is a more detailed explanation:

Compressibility of Solids and Liquids

Solids and Liquids: Both solids and liquids are relatively incompressible compared to gases. This means that applying pressure does not significantly change their volume or the space between their molecules.

Molecular Interactions: The interactions between solid and liquid molecules (like dissolution processes) are primarily driven by temperature and the nature of the solute and solvent, not by external pressure.

Pressure Effects on Solubility

Gases: For gases, solubility in liquids is highly pressure-dependent (described by Henry’s law), where an increase in pressure increases gas solubility.

Solids in Liquids: However, for solids dissolving in liquids, pressure changes do not alter the dissolution equilibrium significantly because the volume change upon dissolving a solid in a liquid is minimal. The process of dissolving does not involve a significant change in volume, hence pressure does not play a major role.

Practical Implications

Everyday Examples: In everyday scenarios and most laboratory conditions, changing the pressure does not noticeably affect how much of a solid can dissolve in a liquid.

High-Pressure Conditions: Under extremely high pressures, there might be slight changes, but these are negligible for most practical purposes.

Thus, for typical conditions, the correct answer is: Solubility does not get altered.