Which of the following is commonly called the withdrawal method?

The correct answer is Option (2) → Coitus interruptus

Natural methods of contraception keep the ovum and sperms from meeting without using any device or medicine. The book describes three: periodic abstinence, withdrawal (coitus interruptus) and lactational amenorrhea. In coitus interruptus the male partner withdraws his penis from the vagina just before ejaculation, so that no semen is deposited.

Option (1) Diaphragm — Incorrect. A diaphragm is a barrier method. It is a rubber barrier inserted into the female reproductive tract to cover the cervix during coitus and block the entry of sperms.

Option (2) Coitus interruptus — Correct. Coitus interruptus is the book’s other name for the withdrawal method. The male withdraws just before ejaculation to avoid insemination.

Option (3) Periodic abstinence — Incorrect. Periodic abstinence means avoiding coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle, the fertile period when ovulation is expected. No withdrawal is involved.

Option (4) Lactational amenorrhea — Incorrect. Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) relies on the fact that ovulation does not occur during intense breast-feeding after childbirth. It is effective only up to about six months.

NCERT Extract:
Population Stabilisation and Birth Control – “… Periodic abstinence is one such method in which the couples avoid or abstain from coitus from day 10 to 17 of the menstrual cycle when ovulation could be expected. … Withdrawal or coitus interruptus is another method in which the male partner withdraws his penis from the vagina just before ejaculation so as to avoid insemination. Lactational amenorrhea (absence of menstruation) method is based on the fact that ovulation and therefore the cycle do not occur during the period of intense lactation following parturition.”