Which among the following is true about contraceptive pills?

The correct answer is Option (4) → All of these.

Oral contraceptive pills are tablets taken by women to prevent pregnancy. They contain small doses of progestogens alone or progestogen–estrogen combinations.

Option (1) Combination of progestogen–estrogen. — Incorrect. This is true. Many pills are a combination of progestogen and estrogen. But it is only one of the true statements here.

Option (2) They inhibit ovulation and implantation. — Incorrect. This is also true. Pills stop ovulation and implantation, and they also change the cervical mucus to block sperms. Still, it is not the only true statement.

Option (3) Pills are very effective with lesser side effects. — Incorrect. This is true as well. The book says pills are very effective with lesser side effects and are well accepted by women. It too is only one of the true statements.

NCERT Extract:
Population Stabilisation and Birth Control – “… Oral administration of small doses of either progestogens or progestogen–estrogen combinations is another contraceptive method used by the females. They are used in the form of tablets and hence are popularly called the pills. Pills have to be taken daily for a period of 21 days starting preferably within the first five days of menstrual cycle. After a gap of 7 days (during which menstruation occurs) it has to be repeated in the same pattern till the female desires to prevent conception. They inhibit ovulation and implantation as well as alter the quality of cervical mucus to prevent/retard entry of sperms. Pills are very effective with lesser side effects and are well accepted by the females.”