Which school of thought employed Marxian theory to explain the basic causes of poverty, deprivation and social inequality?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → Radical school of thought
Option (1) Radical school of thought — Correct. It used Marxian theory to explain the basic causes of poverty, deprivation and social inequality, and linked present social problems to the development of capitalism.
Option (2) Welfare school of thought — Incorrect. The welfare or humanistic school studied the social well-being of people: housing, health and education.
Option (3) Behavioural school of thought — Incorrect. It stressed lived experience and how social groups based on ethnicity, race and religion perceive space.
Option (4) Imperial school of thought — Incorrect. The three schools that grew up in the 1970s were the welfare (humanistic), radical and behavioural schools; ‘imperial’ was never one of them. The word belongs to the early colonial period, when imperial and trade interests prompted the exploration of new areas, and it has nothing to do with Marxian theory.
Note: A similar question was also asked in CUET (UG) 2026 on 24-05-2026 (Slot 2), in CUET (UG) 2024 on 19-07-2024 (Slot 1), and in CUET (UG) 2023 on 10-06-2023 (Slot 1) and 06-06-2023 (Slot 1).
NCERT: Fundamentals of Human Geography — Chapter 1: Human Geography: Nature and Scope, box: schools of thought of the 1970s (2025-26)
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