Which of the following was a 'theocratic state' in medieval times?

The correct answer is Option 1 - Papal states of Europe

A state governed directly by a priestly order is called theocratic. Theocratic states, such as the Papal states of Europe in medieval times or in recent times the Taliban-controlled state, lacking separation between religious and political institutions, are known for their hierarchies, and oppressions, and reluctance to allow freedom of religion to members of other religious groups. If we value peace, freedom and equality, religious institutions and state institutions must be separated.

Sri Lanka, The United States of America and Thailand were not theocratic in medieval times.