Muhammad Ghori was defeated by a ______ ruler in 1191.

Chahamana

The correct answer is Option 3- Chahamana

Muhammad Ghori was defeated by a Chahamana ruler in 1191.

The Chahamana dynasty was a Rajput dynasty that ruled over parts of northwestern India from the 8th to the 13th centuries. The most famous Chahamana ruler was Prithviraj III, who defeated Muhammad Ghori in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191.

The First Battle of Tarain was a major turning point in Indian history. It was the first time that a Hindu ruler had defeated a Muslim ruler in a major battle. However, Prithviraj III was defeated by Muhammad Ghori in the Second Battle of Tarain in 1192, and the Chahamana dynasty came to an end.

The Gahadavala dynasty, the Maurya dynasty, and the Chalukya dynasty were all important dynasties in Indian history, but they were not involved in the First Battle of Tarain.