Which of the following pairs of a feature of planning and its description is correctly matched?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Planning is a mental exercise – Thinking for planning must be orderly and based on the analysis of facts and forecasts.
Option (1) Planning is a primary function of management – Planning is required at all levels of management as well as in all departments of the organisation. — Incorrect. This describes planning is pervasive.
Option (2) Planning is futuristic – Planning has no meaning unless it contributes to the achievement of predetermined organisational goals. — Incorrect. This describes planning focuses on achieving objectives.
Option (3) Planning is a mental exercise – Thinking for planning must be orderly and based on the analysis of facts and forecasts. — Correct. Planning is an activity of the mind, so its thinking must be orderly and based on facts and forecasts.
Option (4) Planning involves decision making – Planning lays down the base for other functions of management. — Incorrect. This describes planning is a primary function of management.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “(vii) Planning is a mental exercise: Planning requires application of the mind involving foresight, intelligent imagination and sound judgement. It is basically an intellectual activity of thinking rather than doing, because planning determines the action to be taken. However, planning requires logical and systematic thinking rather than guess work or wishful thinking. In other words, thinking for planning must be orderly and based on the analysis of facts and forecasts.” |