What are the common oxidation states of cerium (Ce)?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → +3, +4
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
4.5.3 Oxidation States – “… Thus, the formation of CeIV is favoured by its noble gas configuration, but it is a strong oxidant reverting to the common +3 state.”