Match List-I (importance of planning) with List-II (examples):
| List-I | List-II | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (A) | Planning facilitates decision making | (I) | A firm expects the price of raw material to rise and prepares its response in advance. |
| (B) | Planning establishes standards for controlling | (II) | A manager weighs the offers of three suppliers and picks the most viable one. |
| (C) | Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities | (III) | A sales head compares the actual sales of the month with the target to find any shortfall. |
| (D) | Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty | (IV) | A firm finds that two teams were doing the same survey and drops the repeated work. |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → (A)-(II), (B)-(III), (C)-(IV), (D)-(I)
| List-I | List-II | Reason |
|---|---|---|
| (A) Planning facilitates decision making | (II) A manager weighs the offers of three suppliers and picks the most viable one. | The manager evaluates each alternative and selects the most viable one. This is decision making. |
| (B) Planning establishes standards for controlling | (III) A sales head compares the actual sales of the month with the target to find any shortfall. | The target is the standard. Comparing actual sales with it shows the deviation, which is part of controlling. |
| (C) Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities | (IV) A firm finds that two teams were doing the same survey and drops the repeated work. | The same survey done twice is overlapping work. Dropping it removes useless and repeated activity. |
| (D) Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty | (I) A firm expects the price of raw material to rise and prepares its response in advance. | The firm anticipates a change and keeps a response ready. So the price rise does less harm. |
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “(v) Planning facilitates decision making: Planning helps the manager to look into the future and make a choice from amongst various alternative courses of action. The manager has to evaluate each alternative and select the most viable proposition. …” “(vi) Planning establishes standards for controlling: Planning involves setting of goals. The entire managerial process is concerned with accomplishing predetermined goals through planning, organising, staffing, directing and controlling. Planning provides the goals or standards against which actual performance is measured. …” “(iii) Planning reduces overlapping and wasteful activities: … Since planning ensures clarity in thought and action, work is carried on smoothly without interruptions. Useless and redundant activities are minimised or eliminated. It is easier to detect inefficiencies and take corrective measures to deal with them.” “(ii) Planning reduces the risks of uncertainty: Planning is an activity which enables a manager to look ahead and anticipate changes. By deciding in advance the tasks to be performed, planning shows the way to deal with changes and uncertain events. Changes or events cannot be eliminated but they can be anticipated and managerial responses to them can be developed.” |