Buns-S is a copolymer, since it is formed by:

Polymerization of two different monomer

The correct answer is option 2. Polymerization of two different monomer.

A copolymer is a type of polymer that is made from two or more different types of monomers. Unlike homopolymers, which are formed from a single type of monomer, copolymers have a structure that includes more than one type of repeating unit. This incorporation of different monomers can tailor the properties of the polymer, such as its mechanical strength, chemical resistance, and flexibility.

Formation of Copolymers

Polymerization of Two Different Monomers

To understand how Buns-S is formed, consider a copolymer made from two different monomers, A and B:

Monomer A: This is one type of monomer with specific chemical properties.

Monomer B: This is another type of monomer with different chemical properties.

Polymerization Reaction:

Step 1: Monomer Preparation: Both Monomer A and Monomer B are prepared for the polymerization process. They need to be compatible and capable of reacting with each other to form a polymer.

Step 2: Polymerization Conditions: The monomers are mixed and subjected to conditions that facilitate polymerization. These conditions could include heat, pressure, and the presence of a catalyst. The specific conditions depend on the type of polymerization reaction used (e.g., addition polymerization, condensation polymerization).

Step 3: Formation of Copolymer: During polymerization, Monomer A and Monomer B react to form long chains. The arrangement of these monomers in the polymer chain can vary:

Random Copolymer: Monomers A and B are randomly distributed along the polymer chain.

Alternating Copolymer: Monomers A and B alternate in a regular pattern.

Block Copolymer: Long sequences (blocks) of Monomer A and Monomer B alternate.

Graft Copolymer: One type of monomer forms the main chain, while the other type is grafted onto this chain.

Example Reaction:

Let us illustrate with a simplified reaction:

\(\text{A-A} + \text{B-B} \rightarrow (\text{A-B-A-B-A-B})_n\)

Here, A and B are polymerized to form a copolymer with alternating units of A and B in the chain.

Properties and Applications

The properties of the copolymer Buns-S are influenced by the nature and proportion of Monomer A and Monomer B:

Mechanical Properties: The presence of different monomers can enhance strength, elasticity, or toughness.

Chemical Resistance: Copolymers can be designed to resist specific chemicals better than homopolymers.

Flexibility: The arrangement of monomers can affect the flexibility of the polymer.

Copolymers like Buns-S are used in various applications depending on their properties. For example, they might be used in coatings, adhesives, and advanced materials where specific mechanical or chemical properties are required.

Comparison with Other Options

Option 1 (Polymerization of a single monomer): This forms a homopolymer, not a copolymer. A homopolymer is made from only one type of monomer repeating in the polymer chain.

Option 3 (Polymerization of homopolymers): This involves combining pre-formed homopolymers, not forming a copolymer directly from different monomers.

Option 4 (Polymerization of molecules with double and triple bonds): This describes the type of polymerization (e.g., addition polymerization) but does not specifically address the formation of copolymers.

Summary:

Buns-S is a copolymer because it is synthesized by polymerizing two different monomers. The incorporation of both monomers in the polymer chain results in a material with unique properties derived from both A and B, making it distinct from a homopolymer formed from a single monomer.