Scientific Management was invented by:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Frederick Winslow Taylor
Note: The lines saying that Frederick Winslow Taylor invented ‘Scientific Management’ in the 1890s, in the chapter ‘Change and Development in Industrial Society’, were there in the pre-rationalised NCERT, which NTA followed in 2023. This portion has been deleted from the NCERT book (2025-26), though the chapter is still there and the book’s Glossary still explains Taylorism.
NCERT (2025-26): “Glossary … Social Fact: Those aspects of social life that shape our actions as individuals. Sovereignty: The title to supreme power of a monarch, leader or government over an area with a clear-cut border. Structure: A web of interactions, which are both regular and recurrent Taylorism: System invented by Taylor, involving break up of work under management control.…” NCERT (Pre-rationalised): “5.4 How is Work Carried Out? … Another way of increasing output is by organising work. An American called Frederick Winslow Taylor invented a new system in the 1890s, which he called ‘Scientific Management’. It is also known as Taylorism or industrial engineering. Under his system, all work was broken down into its smallest repetitive elements, and divided between workers. Workers were timed with the help of stopwatches and had to fulfil a certain target every day. Production was further speeded up by the introduction of the assembly line.…” |