Which of the following pairs is correctly matched?

The correct answer is Option (1) → An advertisement asks, 'Are you spending too much on cooking gas?' - Rational appeal

Option (1) An advertisement asks, 'Are you spending too much on cooking gas?' - Rational appeal — Correct. This line points to a practical gain: lower spending on gas. An appeal that rests on saving money is a rational appeal, so the pair is right.

Option (2) A participant paid a large sum to tell a lie still rates the task as boring - Cognitive dissonance — Incorrect. A large payment gives the person a good reason for the lie. So there is no dissonance, and the task still seems boring. Dissonance arose in students paid only one dollar, who then said they liked the experiment.

Option (3) A fan gives up a harmful drink after his idol gives it up - Emotional appeal — Incorrect. Here the fan copies a well-liked person. The change comes from the source of the influence, a popular figure. An emotional appeal is a message that stirs feelings, such as caring for one's family.

Option (4) A student's view of fast food rests on many beliefs - Simple attitude — Incorrect. An attitude made of many smaller beliefs or attitudes is high on complexity (multiplexity). So it is not a simple attitude.