Match List-I with List-II.
| List-I | List-II |
| (i) \(\Lambda_{m}\) | (a) intensive property |
| (ii) \(E^{\circ}_{cell}\) | (b) depends on the number of ions per unit volume |
| (iii) \(\kappa\) (conductivity) | (c) extensive property |
| (iv) \(\Delta_r G_{cell}\) | (d) increases with dilution |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → i-d, ii-a, iii-b, iv-c
An intensive property does not depend on the amount of substance or on how the equation is written; an extensive property does.
(i) \( \Lambda_m \) — This matches (d) increases with dilution. \( \Lambda_m=\frac{\kappa}{c} \); on dilution the volume of solution holding one mole of electrolyte grows, and this more than makes up for the fall in κ.
(ii) \( E^{\circ}_{cell} \) — This matches (a) intensive property. The cell potential is the same whether the cell reaction is written once or doubled.
(iii) κ (conductivity) — This matches (b) depends on the number of ions per unit volume. It falls on dilution because fewer ions per unit volume are left to carry the current.
(iv) \( \Delta_r G_{cell} \) — This matches (c) extensive property. From \( \Delta_r G=-nFE_{cell} \), it depends on n: doubling the equation doubles n and so doubles \( \Delta_r G \).
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
2.3.2 Electrochemical Cell and Gibbs Energy of the Reaction – “… It may be remembered that E(cell) is an intensive parameter but ΔrG is an extensive thermodynamic property and the value depends on n.”
2.4.2 Variation of Conductivity and Molar Conductivity with Concentration – “… Conductivity always decreases with decrease in concentration both, for weak and strong electrolytes. This can be explained by the fact that the number of ions per unit volume that carry the current in a solution decreases on dilution.”
“… Molar conductivity increases with decrease in concentration. This is because the total volume, V, of solution containing one mole of electrolyte also increases.”