Question is based on following passage:

p-block elements are placed in groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table. Group 15 is nitrogen family. Nitrogen makes various compounds like \(NH_3\), \(HNO_3\), \(N_2O\), \(NO_2\) etc. Phosphorus exists in the form of white and red phosphorus. White phosphorus glows in dark. \(PH_3\), gas is used as smoke screen. Group 16 is called oxygen family. Dry air contains 21% \(O_2\) gas by volume. Combined sulphur exists as sulphates such as gypsum, epsome salt, baryte etc. The allotropic forms of sulphur are Rhombic and monoclinic sulphur. \(S_2\) is paramagnetic like \(O_2\) and it stable at high temperature. Group 17 is Halogen family. \(F_2\), is highly reactive, \(Cl_2\), is greenish yellow gas. Both \(SO_2\), and \(Cl_2\), are used for bleaching. Group 18 is Noble gas family but some noble gases also form compounds. Complete hydrolysis of \(XeF_6\) gives \(HF\) and \(XeO_3\), as main products.

Match List I with List II

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III)

The correct answer is option 1. (A)-(II), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(III).

Let us explain the matches:

(A) Ammonia - (II) Detection of metal ions:

Ammonia (\(NH_3\)) is commonly used in analytical chemistry to form complexes with metal ions. This property is utilized in various analytical techniques for the detection and quantification of metal ions in solution. Ammonia forms complex ions with metal ions, which can often be identified by characteristic color changes or precipitation reactions.

(B) Nitric acid - (IV) Ostwald's process:

Nitric acid (\(HNO_3\)) is produced industrially using a process known as the Ostwald process. In this process, ammonia (\(NH_3\)) is oxidized to form nitric oxide (\(NO\)), which is further oxidized to form nitrogen dioxide (\(NO_2\)). Nitrogen dioxide is then dissolved in water to form nitric acid (\(HNO_3\)).

(C) Phosphene - (I) Rotten fish smell:

Phosphene (\(PH_3\)) is a toxic and flammable gas that has a characteristic odor resembling that of rotten fish or garlic. It is often produced as a byproduct of the decomposition of organic matter containing phosphorus compounds, such as fish or certain types of bacteria.

(D) White phosphorus - (III) Chemiluminescence:

White phosphorus (\(P_4\)) can undergo chemiluminescence, a process where light is emitted as a result of a chemical reaction. When white phosphorus reacts with oxygen in the air, it undergoes combustion, releasing energy in the form of light. This property has been utilized in various applications, such as in military signaling devices and in some types of glow-in-the-dark products.

So, each match corresponds to the correct property or application of the substance listed in List I.