Statement I: Energy flow is unidirectional.

Statement II: First, plants capture solar energy and then, food is transferred from the producers to decomposers.

Both statement I and II are correct .

The correct answer is (3)- Both statement I and II are correct .

Statement I: The statement is generally true. Energy flow in an ecosystem is unidirectional, meaning it moves in a one-way direction. Plants capture only 2-10 per cent of the PAR and this small amount of energy sustains the entire living world. So, it is very important to know how the solar energy captured by plants flows through different organisms of an ecosystem. All organisms are dependent for their food on producers, either directly or indirectly. So you find unidirectional flow of energy from the sun to producers and then to consumers.

Statement II: First, plants capture solar energy and then, food is transferred from the producers to decomposers.The statement is accurate. Producers, such as plants and photosynthetic bacteria, capture solar energy through the process of photosynthesis. They convert this radiant energy into chemical energy in the form of organic compounds (food) using simple inorganic materials. This captured energy is then transferred to the primary consumers (herbivores) when they consume the producers. The energy flow continues as the primary consumers are eaten by secondary consumers, and so on, until it reaches decomposers (bacteria, fungi, etc.) that break down dead organic matter and release the remaining energy.

Therefore, both statements are correct and represent important aspects of energy flow and food transfer in an ecosystem.