Which one of the following has the lowest melting point?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → Mn
The high melting points of transition metals come from strong metallic bonding in which (n−1)d electrons also take part. In any row the melting points rise to a maximum near d5, but manganese is an anomaly: its stable half-filled 3d54s2 configuration holds the electrons firmly, fewer of them take part in metallic bonding, and Mn has a much lower melting point than its neighbours. Approximate melting points: Mn 1519 K, Ni 1728 K, Fe 1811 K, Cr 2180 K.
NCERT (2026-27 edition):
Physical Properties – “… In any row the melting points of these metals rise to a maximum at d5 except for anomalous values of Mn and Tc and fall regularly as the atomic number increases.”