Haloalkanes can be represented by the formula
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 2
The correct answer is Option (2) → $C_nH_{2n+1}X$
Haloalkanes are derived from saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) by replacing one hydrogen atom with a halogen atom (X, where X can be F, Cl, Br, or I).
1. Formula of Alkanes
The general formula for an alkane (saturated hydrocarbon) is $C_nH_{2n+2}$.
2. Formula of Haloalkanes
To form a haloalkane, one hydrogen atom is removed from the alkane molecule, and one halogen atom (X) is added.
- Alkane: $C_nH_{2n+2}$
- Remove one H: $C_nH_{(2n+2)−1}=C_nH_{2n+1}$
- Add one X: $C_nH_{2n+1}X$
The general formula for a mono-haloalkane is $C_nH_{2n+1}X$.