Which of the following statement is correct in the context of 'independence of judiciary'?

The theory of 'constituent mechanism' of independence of judiciary defines judiciary's independence in terms of impartiality of its judges. Independence of judiciary and impartiality of judges exist as two distinct concepts- the former referring to the institution, and the latter referring to its constituent actors. Both 1 and 2 None of the above

Independence of judiciary and impartiality of judges exist as two distinct concepts- the former referring to the institution, and the latter referring to its constituent actors.

The theory of 'constituent mechanism' of independence of judiciary defines judiciary's independence in terms of the independence of its judges.One must note that, independence of judiciary and impartiality of judges exist as two distinct concepts- the former referring to the institution, and the latter referring to its constituent actors.