Certain Aldehydes, ketone and certain alcohol undergo iodoform test. Certain Aldehydes, ketones undergo aldol condensation. While certain aldehydes undergo Cannizaro's reaction. Aldehydes responds to tollen reagent and fehling reagent test.

Which of the following will undergo aldol condensation?

A. \(CH_3CHO\)

B. \(HCHO\)

C. \(CH_3COCH_3\)

D. \(C_6H_5CHO\)

Choose the correct option

A and C only

The correct answer is option 2. A and C only.

A. \(CH_3CHO\):

Ethanal (also known as acetaldehyde, \(CH_3CHO\)) can undergo aldol condensation. Aldol condensation is a reaction where two molecules of aldehyde or ketone react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β -hydroxyketone, respectively. In the case of ethanal, it can undergo self-condensation, where two molecules of ethanal react together to form β-hydroxybutanal (\(CH_3CH(OH)CH_2CHO\)).

B. \(HCHO\):

Methanal (formaldehyde, \(HCHO\)) does not undergo aldol condensation. Aldol condensation typically occurs between two molecules of aldehyde or ketone, leading to the formation of β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone, respectively. However, formaldehyde does not have a \(\alpha -\)hydrogen atom , which is necessary for the aldol condensation reaction to proceed.

C. \(CH_3COCH_3\):

Acetone (\(CH_3COCH_3\)) can undergo aldol condensation. It is a type of ketone and contains a carbonyl group (\(C=O\)) which can react with another molecule of acetone under basic conditions to form a β-hydroxyketone.

The reaction proceeds by the nucleophilic attack of the enolate ion formed from one molecule of acetone on the carbonyl carbon of another molecule of acetone, followed by proton transfer and dehydration to form the β-hydroxyketone product.

D. \(C_6H_5CHO\):

Benzaldehyde does not undergo aldol condensation under typical conditions. The absence of \(\alpha -\) hydrogens (hydrogen atoms attached to the carbon adjacent to the carbonyl group) in benzaldehyde prevents the formation of the necessary enolate intermediate for aldol condensation to occur.

The correct answer is option 2. A and C only