Which of the following is an application of spreadsheet (using excel)?

All of these

The correct answer is option 4- All of these.

Microsoft Excel is a powerful spreadsheet application widely used for various purposes, including:

• Payroll Accounting: Excel can be used to calculate salaries, deductions, bonuses, taxes, and generate payslips.

• Asset Management: It helps track asset details, depreciation, maintenance schedules, and inventory.

• Loan Repayment: Excel can calculate EMI (Equated Monthly Installment), interest breakdowns, and loan amortization schedules using built-in financial functions.

So, all the options listed are valid applications of Excel.