Match List - I with List - II.

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

(A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

The correct answer is Option (4) → (A)-(III), (B)-(IV), (C)-(I), (D)-(II)

A. Transformation of normal cells into cancerous neoplastic cells may be induced by physical, chemical or biological agents. These agents are called carcinogens. The chemical carcinogens present in tobacco smoke have been identified as a major cause of lung cancer. Cancer-causing viruses called oncogenic viruses have genes called viral oncogenes.

B. Rheumatoid arthritis is an example of an autoimmune disease. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder that primarily affects the joints, causing pain, swelling, stiffness, and in some cases, joint deformity. In rheumatoid arthritis, the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own tissues, particularly the the lining of the joints, leading to joint inflammation and damage.

C. The exaggerated response of the immune system to certain antigens present in the environment is called allergy. The substances to which such an immune response is produced are called allergens. The antibodies produced to these are of IgE type. Allergy is due to the release of chemicals like histamine and serotonin from the mast cells. The use of drugs like anti-histamine, adrenalin and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy.

D. The use of alcohol during adolescence can have long-term consequences, including the potential for heavy drinking in adulthood. Chronic drug and alcohol abuse can cause damage to the nervous system and liver, leading to conditions such as cirrhosis.