Please read the case-study and answer the following question.
Four friends Tina, Pallavi, Vinay and Malini went on a trip. They got lost on a deserted island. They lost their boat and it was cold. Pallavi started panicking, got anxious and started worrying. She was thinking the worst that could happen to them. Tina tried to help Pallavi and took care of her. She kept assuring Pallavi that all will be well. Pallavi immediately looked out for Vinay as he was the most responsible among them. He was calm and started looking for wood and food to get through the night.
Malini was excited and wanted everyone to explore the island. She was curious if there were any inhabitants or wild animals. It was like the perfect plot for her next adventure story.
The trait theory which has been found useful in understanding personality profile of people across cultures is that of:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → Costa and McCrae
Paul Costa and Robert McCrae examined all possible personality traits and found five factors, the Big Five. This five factor model has been found useful in understanding the personality profile of people across cultures; it agrees with the analysis of traits in different languages and is supported by studies using different methods.
NCERT: Psychology — Chapter 2: Self and Personality, Box 2.2 (2025-26)
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