Why has the loss of biodiversity become a pressing global concern?

It disrupts the balance of ecosystems and essential ecological processes.

The correct answer is Option (2) -It disrupts the balance of ecosystems and essential ecological processes.

The loss of biodiversity has become a pressing global concern primarily because it disrupts the balance of ecosystems and essential ecological processes. Biodiversity plays a critical role in maintaining ecosystem stability, productivity, and resilience. When species are lost, the intricate web of interactions within ecosystems—such as food chains, nutrient cycling, and pollination—can be severely disrupted. This can lead to the collapse of ecosystems, which provide essential services like clean air, water purification, soil fertility, and pollination, all of which are vital for human survival.

Additionally, the loss of biodiversity can make ecosystems less resilient to environmental changes, such as climate change, natural disasters, or the invasion of harmful species, making it harder for ecosystems to recover from disruptions.

The other options, while related to environmental issues, do not directly capture the core concern of biodiversity loss. Invasive species are often harmful, not beneficial, and the aesthetic aspect of natural landscapes, though important, is not the main reason for global concern.