Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Biology

Chapter

Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Question:

Read the sentence and answer the questions.

After entering one of the synergids, the pollen tube releases two male gametes into the cytoplasm of the synergid. One of the male gametes moves towards the egg cell and fuses with its nucleus, completing syngamy and forming a diploid zygote. Simultaneously, the other male gamete moves towards the two polar nuclei in the central cell and fuses with them, resulting in the formation of a triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). This fusion involving three haploid nuclei is referred to as triple fusion. Endosperm development occurs before embryo development. This sequence is observed because the primary endosperm cell undergoes repeated divisions, giving rise to a triploid endosperm tissue. The cells of this tissue accumulate reserve food materials. In the most common type of endosperm development, the primary endosperm nucleus undergoes successive nuclear divisions, resulting in the formation of free nuclei. This stage of endosperm development is known as free-nuclear endosperm.

What is double fertilization ?
Options:
Fusion of two male gametes with egg cell.
Fusion of male gametes with egg and fusion of other male gamete with two polar nucei .
Fusion of male gametes with secondary nucleus and fusion of other male gamete with two polar nucei .
Fusion of male gametes with egg and fusion of other male gamete with two synergids .
Correct Answer:
Fusion of male gametes with egg and fusion of other male gamete with two polar nucei .
Explanation:
After entering one of the synergids, the pollen tube releases the two male gametes into the cytoplasm of the synergid. One of the male gametes moves towards the egg cell and fuses with its nucleus thus completing the syngamy. This results in the formation of a diploid cell, the zygote. The other male gamete moves towards the two polar nuclei located in the central cell and fuses with them to produce a triploid primary endosperm nucleus (PEN). As this involves the fusion of three haploid nuclei it is termed triple fusion. Since two types of fusions, syngamy and triple fusion take place in an embryo sac the phenomenon is termed double fertilisation, an event unique to flowering plants.