Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

History

Chapter

Modern India: Mahatma Gandhi and the Nationalist movement

Question:

Read the passage and answer the question :

"The Salt March was notable for at least three reasons. First, it was this event that first brought Mahatma Gandhi to world attention. Second, it was the first nationalist activity in which women participated in large numbers. Third, it was Salt March which forced upon the British the realisation that their Raj would not last forever, and that they would have to devolve some powers to the Indians".

Which act promised some form of 'Representative Government' ?

Options:

Government of India Act, 1915

Government of India Act, 1932

Government of India Act, 1935

Government of India Act, 1942

Correct Answer:

Government of India Act, 1935

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option (3) → Government of India Act, 1935

The Second Round Table Conference in London was inconclusive, so Gandhiji returned to India and resumed civil disobedience. The new Viceroy, Lord Willingdon, was deeply unsympathetic to the Indian leader. In a private letter to his sister, Willingdon wrote: “It’s a beautiful world if it wasn’t for Gandhi ... At the bottom of every move he makes which he always says is inspired by God, one discovers the political manouevre. I see the American Press is saying what a wonderful man he is ... But the fact is that we live in the midst of very unpractical, mystical, and superstitious folk who look upon Gandhi as something holy, ...”

In 1935, however, a new Government of India Act promised some form of representative government. Two years later, in an election held on the basis of a restricted franchise, the Congress won a comprehensive victory. Now eight out of 11 provinces had a Congress “Prime Minister”, working under the supervision of a British Governor. In September 1939, two years after the Congress ministries assumed office, the Second World War broke out. Mahatma Gandhi and Jawaharlal Nehru had both been strongly critical of Hitler and the Nazis. Accordingly, they promised Congress support to the war effort if the British, in return, promised to grant India independence once hostilities ended.