In the culture of consumption, which of the following most significan…

In the culture of consumption, which of the following most significantly promotes a culture where spending is important?

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → Advertisements and the media in general

Option (1) Multinational companies and banks — Incorrect. Multinational companies and banks are major players in economic globalisation. Their role lies in investment and finance, which is a separate matter from shaping how people feel about spending.

Option (2) Travel and fashion designing firms — Incorrect. Fashion firms grew after successes in fashion pageants, along with cosmetics and health. They gained from the culture of consumption; they are among its beneficiaries.

Option (3) Advertisements and the media in general — Correct. In the culture of consumption, advertisements and the media in general most significantly promote a culture where spending is important. Being careful with money is no longer a virtue, and shopping becomes an encouraged pastime.

Option (4) Software companies and stock markets — Incorrect. Software companies and stock markets belong to the economic and technological side of globalisation. Their work lies in technology and finance, apart from the shaping of spending habits.

NCERT (2026-27): “Culture of Consumption
Often when we speak of culture we refer to dresses, music, dances, food. However, culture as we know refers to a whole way of life. There are two uses of culture that any chapter on globalisation should mention. They are the culture of consumption and corporate culture. Look at the crucial role that cultural consumption is playing in the process of globalisation especially in shaping the growth of cities. Till the 1970s the manufacturing industries used to play a major role in the growth of cities. Presently, cultural consumption (of art, food, fashion, music, tourism) shapes to a large extent the growth of cities. This is evident in the spurt in the growth of shopping malls, multiplex cinema halls, amusement parks and ‘water world’ in every major city in India. Most significantly advertisements and the media in general promote a culture where spending is important. To be careful with money is no longer a virtue. Shopping is a past time actively encouraged.”

In the culture of consumption, which of the following most significantly promotes a culture where spending is important?

Answer & explanation

Correct answer: option 3

The correct answer is Option (3) → Advertisements and the media in general