What were the characteristics of newspapers like Amrita Bazar Patrika or Mathrubhumi in colonial India?

They advocated a nationalist cause and demanded the end of colonial rule.

The correct answer is Option (1) → They advocated a nationalist cause and demanded the end of colonial rule.

"..The growth of Indian nationalism was closely linked to its struggle against colonialism. It emerged in the wake of the institutional changes brought about by the British rule in India. Anti-colonial public opinion was nurtured and channelised by the nationalist press, which was vocal in its opposition to the oppressive measures of the colonial state. This led the colonial government to clamp down on the nationalist press and impose censorship, for instance during the Ilbert Bill agitation in 1883. Association  with the national movement led some of the nationalist newspapers like Kesari (Marathi), Mathrubhumi (Malayalam), Amrita Bazar Patrika (English) to suffer the displeasure of the colonial state. But that did not prevent them from advocating the nationalist cause and demand an end to the colonial rule. "