What is the function of the outer three wall layers of the microsporangium?

Protection and dehiscence

The correct answer is Option (1) -Protection and dehiscence

The function of the outer three wall layers of the microsporangium is protection and dehiscence. The outer three wall layers of the microsporangium, which are the epidermis, endothecium, and middle layers,  play important roles in the development and release of pollen grains.

These outer layers provide a protective covering to the developing pollen sacs (microsporangia) within the anther. They help shield the delicate pollen grains from external damage and ensure their proper development. The outer layers also contribute to the dehiscence or opening of the anther to release the mature pollen grains. They undergo specific structural modifications that enable controlled and efficient dispersal of pollen when the anther is ready for pollination.

These outer wall layers are crucial for the successful release and dispersal of pollen, which is essential for the pollination process and the transfer of male gametes to the female reproductive organs of the flower.