Match List-I with List-II:
| List-I | List-II |
|---|---|
| A. Grazing food chain | I. Specific place of an organism in the food chain based on the source of its nutrition or food |
| B. Detritus food chain | II. Natural interconnection of food chains |
| C. Food web | III. Begins with dead organic matter and is made up of decomposers |
| D. Trophic level | IV. Grass (producer) → goat (primary consumer) → man (secondary consumer) |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 4
The correct answer is Option (4) → A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Food chains link organisms by who eats whom. A grazing food chain starts from living plants, while a detritus food chain starts from dead organic matter. Where chains cross, they form a food web, and each organism’s step in a chain is its trophic level.
(A) Grazing food chain — this matches (IV) Grass (producer) → goat (primary consumer) → man (secondary consumer). It begins with a living producer, grass, eaten by a herbivore.
(B) Detritus food chain — this matches (III) Begins with dead organic matter and is made up of decomposers. Its starting point is detritus, used by fungi and bacteria.
(C) Food web — this matches (II) Natural interconnection of food chains. Omnivores and shared prey join separate chains into one network.
(D) Trophic level — this matches (I) Specific place of an organism in the food chain based on the source of its nutrition or food. Producers are at the first level, herbivores at the second and so on.
NCERT Extract:
Energy Flow – “… A simple grazing food chain (GFC) is depicted below:
Grass (Producer) → Goat (Primary Consumer) → Man (Secondary consumer)”
Energy Flow – “The detritus food chain (DFC) begins with dead organic matter. It is made up of decomposers which are heterotrophic organisms, mainly fungi and bacteria. … These natural interconnection of food chains make it a food web.”
Energy Flow – “… Based on the source of their nutrition or food, organisms occupy a specific place in the food chain that is known as their trophic level.”