A semiconductor doped with a donor impurity is

The correct answer is Option (2) → n-type

Option (1) p-type — Incorrect. A p-type semiconductor is made with a trivalent acceptor impurity. The acceptor supplies holes for conduction. So its majority carriers are holes.

Option (2) n-type — Correct. A donor is a pentavalent atom that gives one extra electron for conduction. The electrons become the majority carriers, and since they are negative, the material is called n-type.

Option (3) intrinsic — Incorrect. An intrinsic semiconductor is the pure material. Once an impurity is added on purpose, it becomes an extrinsic (doped) semiconductor.

Option (4) an insulator — Incorrect. Doping increases the conductivity many times, so the doped material conducts far better than the pure semiconductor.

NCERT (2026-27):
Extrinsic Semiconductor – “Suppose we dope Si or Ge with a pentavalent element … Thus, the pentavalent dopant is donating one extra electron for conduction and hence is known as donor impurity.”

Extrinsic Semiconductor – “In a doped semiconductor the total number of conduction electrons n_e is due to the electrons contributed by donors … Hence in an extrinsic semiconductor doped with pentavalent impurity, electrons become the majority carriers and holes the minority carriers. These semiconductors are, therefore, known as n-type semiconductors.”