Which of the following pairs of a choice and the central problem it belongs to is correctly matched?
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → Whether every person should be assured a minimum amount of consumption – For whom to produce
Each choice belongs to one of the three central problems: what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce.
Option (1) Whether a bakery should use more workers or more machines – For whom to produce — Incorrect. More workers or more machines is a choice of method, so it belongs to how to produce.
Option (2) Whether a country should produce more wheat or more steel – How to produce — Incorrect. Wheat or steel is a choice of which goods to produce, so it belongs to what to produce.
Option (3) Whether every person should be assured a minimum amount of consumption – For whom to produce — Correct. A minimum amount of consumption for everyone is about who gets the goods.
Option (4) Who gets more and who gets less of the goods produced – What to produce — Incorrect. Who gets more and who gets less is about sharing out the goods, so it belongs to for whom to produce.
NCERT (2026-27): “What is produced and in what quantities? Every society must decide on how much of each of the many possible goods and services it will produce. Whether to produce more of food, clothing, housing or to have more of luxury goods. Whether to have more agricultural goods or to have industrial products and services. …” “How are these goods produced? Every society has to decide on how much of which of the resources to use in the production of each of the different goods and services. Whether to use more labour or more machines. …” “For whom are these goods produced? Who gets how much of the goods that are produced in the economy? How should the produce of the economy be distributed among the individuals in the economy? Who gets more and who gets less? Whether or not to ensure a minimum amount of consumption for everyone in the economy. …” |