Read the following passage and answer questions.

Nucleophiles attack at that part of the substrate molecule which is electron deficient. The reaction in which a nucleophile replaces already existing nucleophile in a molecule is called nucleophilic substitution reaction. Haloalkanes are substrates in these reactions. In this type of reaction, a nucleophile reacts with haloalkane (the substrate) having a partial positive charge on the carbon atom bonded to halogen. A substitution reaction takes place and halogen atom, called leaving group departs as halide ion. Since the substitution reaction is initiated by a nucleophile, it is called nucleophilic substitution reaction.

When NaOH reacts with R-X, what is the major product?

Alcohol

The correct answer is Option (1) → Alcohol

NaOH provides OH⁻ ion which acts as a nucleophile.

In nucleophilic substitution: R–X + OH⁻ → R–OH + X⁻

OH⁻ attacks the carbon bonded to halogen and replaces the halide ion. This results in the formation of alcohol.

Option 1: Alcohol - OH⁻ replaces halogen (X⁻). Product formed is R–OH.

Option 2: Ether  - Requires alkoxide ion (RO⁻). Not formed here.

Option 3: Ester  - Requires acid derivative. Not possible.

Option 4: Acid-  Not formed in this reaction.