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Identify the correct statement in the context of Rutherford scattering of $α$-particles by target nucleus. |
For large impact parameter values, a-particle suffers large deviation. For small impact parameter values, the deviation in the trajectory of a-particle is negligible. The perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector of the $α$-particle from the centre of the nucleus is called impact parameter. Impact parameter depends on mass of the target nucleus. |
The perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector of the $α$-particle from the centre of the nucleus is called impact parameter. |
The correct answer is Option (3) → The perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector of the $α$-particle from the centre of the nucleus is called impact parameter. In Rutherford scattering: - The **impact parameter** is defined as the perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector of the α-particle from the center of the nucleus. - Large impact parameter → small deflection; small impact parameter → large deflection. Therefore, the correct statement is: Final Answer: The perpendicular distance of the initial velocity vector of the α-particle from the centre of the nucleus is called impact parameter |
