The process of formation of a mature female gamete is called:

The correct answer is Option (4) → Oogenesis

The process of formation of a mature female gamete is called oogenesis. It starts during embryonic development, when oogonia are formed in each fetal ovary, and it differs markedly from spermatogenesis. Ovulation is only the release of the secondary oocyte from the ovary, menarche is the first menstruation, and spermiogenesis is the change of spermatids into sperms.

NCERT Extract:
Gametogenesis – “… The process of formation of a mature female gamete is called oogenesis which is markedly different from spermatogenesis. Oogenesis is initiated during the embryonic development stage when a couple of million gamete mother cells (oogonia) are formed within each fetal ovary; no more oogonia are formed and added after birth.”