Match List I with List II.
| LIST I | LIST II |
| Principles of Scientific Management | Explanation |
| A. Science not rule of thumb | I. Use of the method of scientific inquiry into |
| B. Harmony not Discord | II. No conflict between managers and workers. |
| C. Cooperation not individualism | III. Industrial efficiency depends to a large |
| D. Development of each and every person | IV. There should be an equal division of work |
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 1
The correct answer is Option (1) → A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
A. Science not rule of thumb — this matches I. Use of the method of scientific inquiry into the domain of management practice. Taylor wanted managers to find the one best method by study and analysis, instead of using their own rules of thumb.
B. Harmony not Discord — this matches II. No conflict between managers and workers. Taylor said there should be complete harmony between the management and the workers.
C. Cooperation not individualism — this matches IV. There should be an equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management. Under this principle Taylor said that managers should work almost side by side with the workers and share the work and the responsibility.
D. Development of each and every person to his or her greatest efficiency and prosperity — this matches III. Industrial efficiency depends to a large extent on personnel competencies. So workers should be selected scientifically and trained well.
NCERT (2026-27 Edition): “Science not Rule of Thumb: Taylor pioneered the introduction of the method of scientific inquiry into the domain of management practice. We have already referred to the limitations of the rule of thumb approach of management. As different managers would follow their indigenous rules of thumb, it is but a statement of the obvious that all would not be equally effective. Taylor believed that there was only one best method to maximise efficiency. …” “Harmony, Not Discord: … Taylor recognised that this conflict helped none, the workers, the managers or the factory owners. He emphasised that there should be complete harmony between the management and workers. Both should realise that each one is important. …” “Cooperation, Not Individualism: There should be complete cooperation between the labour and the management instead of individualism. This principle is an extension of principle of ‘Harmony not discord’. Competition should be replaced by cooperation. Both should realise that they need each other.” “According to Taylor, there should be an almost equal division of work and responsibility between workers and management. All the day long the management should work almost side by side with the workers helping, encouraging and smoothing the way for them.” “Development of Each and Every Person to His or Her Greatest Efficiency and Prosperity: Industrial efficiency depends to a large extent on personnel competencies. As such, scientific management also stood for worker development. Worker training was essential also to learn the ‘best method’ developed as a consequence of the scientific approach. …” |