Zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks are exa…

The correct answer is Option (2) → Ex situ conservation

In situ (on site) conservation protects species in their own natural habitat. Ex situ (off site) conservation takes threatened plants and animals out of their habitat and keeps them in special places where they get care.

Option (1) In situ conservation — Incorrect. Its examples are national parks, sanctuaries, biosphere reserves and sacred groves, where species stay in their natural home.

Option (2) Ex situ conservation — Correct. In zoos, botanical gardens and safari parks the organisms live away from their natural habitat.

Option (3) Hotspots — Incorrect. Hotspots are natural regions of very high species richness and endemism, protected in situ.

Option (4) Forest conservation — Incorrect. Protecting a forest saves species in their own habitat, which is in situ conservation, not a zoo or garden.

NCERT Extract:
How Do We Conserve Biodiversity? – “… Ex situ Conservation– In this approach, threatened animals and plants are taken out from their natural habitat and placed in special setting where they can be protected and given special care. Zoological parks, botanical gardens and wildlife safari parks serve this purpose. There are many animals that have become extinct in the wild but continue to be maintained in zoological parks.”