Identify the statements which are TRUE for Harappan Archaeology.
(A) S.R. Rao begins excavations at Lothal.
(B) B.K. Thapar begins excavations at Kalibangan.
(C) G.F. Dales excavates at Harappa.
(D) M.S. Vats begins excavations at Harappa.
(E) B.B. Lal begins excavations at Dholavira.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
Answer & explanation
Correct answer: option 3
The correct answer is Option (3) → (A), (B), (D) only
(A) S.R. Rao begins excavations at Lothal.
(B) B.K. Thapar begins excavations at Kalibangan.
(C) G.F. Dales excavates at Harappa. (Incorrect)
(D) M.S. Vats begins excavations at Harappa.
(E) B.B. Lal begins excavations at Dholavira. (Incorrect)
Important dates related to the discovery of the Indus Valley Civilisation:
|
1871 (19th Century) |
Alexander Cunningham was made the Director-general of the ASI |
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1875 (19th Century) |
Alexander Cunningham’s Report on Harappan Seal |
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1902 (20th Century) |
John Marshall became the Director General of the ASI |
|
1921 (20th Century) |
M.S. Vats started excavations at Harappa |
|
1924 (20th Century) |
John Marshall announced the discovery of the Harappan Civilization |
|
1925 (20th Century) |
Excavations began at Mohenjodaro |
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1944 (20th Century) |
R.E.M. Wheeler took over as Director-General of the ASI |
|
1946 (20th Century) |
R.E.M. Wheeler excavated Harappa |
|
1955 (20th Century) |
S.R. Rao began excavating at Lothal |
|
1960 (20th Century) |
B.B. Lal & B.K. Thapar started excavation at Kalibangan (Rajasthan) |
|
1974 (20th Century) |
M.R. Mughal started exploring Bahawalpur |
|
1980 (20th Century) |
German & Italian archaeologists started surface explorations at Mohenjodaro |
|
1986 (20th Century) |
American team started excavations at Harappa |
|
1990 (20th Century) |
R.S. Bisht started excavation at Dholavira |
In the 1960s, George Dales questioned the evidence of a massacre in Mohenjodaro. He argued that the skeletons did not belong to the same period and that the majority of bones seemed to be buried in a careless and disrespectful manner. There was no evidence of extensive destruction, no signs of extensive burning & no bodies of warriors were found clad in armour or surrounded by weapons of war. Thus he vehemently refuted the Aryan invasion theory as the reason for the extinction of the Harappan Civilization.