What is the full form of LPG? 

Liquified petroleum gas

The correct answer is option 1. Liquified petroleum gas.

LPG stands for Liquefied Petroleum Gas. It is a versatile and widely used fuel that exists in a liquid state under moderate pressure and can be easily converted back into a gas when released from the container. Here's an explanation of LPG:

1. Composition:  LPG is primarily composed of propane \((C_3H_8)\) and butane \((C_4H_{10})\), although the exact composition can vary. Propane and butane are hydrocarbons, which means they are made up of hydrogen and carbon atoms.

2. Liquefaction:  LPG is created through the refining of crude oil during the production of natural gas or as a byproduct of oil refining. It undergoes a process of purification and compression to become a liquid at relatively low pressures and moderate temperatures.

3. Properties: LPG is colorless, odorless, and heavier than air. To enhance safety, an odorant, usually ethyl mercaptan, is added to give it a distinctive smell in case of leaks. It is stored and transported in special pressurized containers, such as cylinders or bulk tanks.

4. Versatility: LPG is used for various purposes, including residential cooking and heating, as fuel for vehicles (autogas), in industrial applications, and for powering appliances like water heaters and refrigerators. It is a popular alternative to traditional fuels due to its cleanliness, efficiency, and relatively lower environmental impact.

5. Clean Burning: LPG is considered a cleaner-burning fuel compared to some other fossil fuels, as it produces fewer emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases when combusted.

6. Safety Measures: While LPG is safe when handled and used properly, precautions are necessary to prevent leaks, and safety features, such as pressure relief valves and odorants, are implemented.

In summary, Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is a versatile and convenient source of energy used for various applications, offering a cleaner and more efficient alternative to traditional fossil fuels in many situations.