Which of the following ideas did not form part of the early phase of India's development policy?

Liberalisation

The correct answer is Option 1 - Liberalisation

Planning, Self-Sufficiency, and Co-operative Farming: These were all central ideas in the early phase of India's development strategy. The Five Year Plans, starting in 1951, focused on government-directed economic growth with an emphasis on building heavy industries, achieving self-sufficiency in food production, and promoting cooperative farming as a way to improve agricultural productivity.

Liberalisation: This concept emphasizes reducing government control over the economy, opening up markets to foreign trade and investment. It came into play much later, in the 1990s, as a response to economic stagnation and a desire to integrate with the global economy.