Technological improvements and innovations result in which of the following?

Render existing products obsolete

Continuing innovations in different scientific and engineering fields such as lasers, robotics, biotechnology, food preservatives, medicine, telecommunication, and synthetic fuels have provided numerous opportunities and threats for many different enterprises. Shifts in demand from vacuum tubes to transistors, from steam locomotives to diesel and electric engines, from fountain pens to ballpoint, from propeller airplanes to jets, and from typewriters to computer-based word processors, have all been responsible and creating new business while making the existing products obsolete. Discontinuance of iPods by an apple is such an example.