Practicing Success

Target Exam

CUET

Subject

Sociology

Chapter

Social Change and Development in India: Change and Development in Rural Society

Question:

Read the passage and answer following questions.

Local commentary increasingly contrasts the sampurna (wholeness) of the organic produce with that of the hybrid produce. An elderly woman Bhargawa Hugar, in the village of Madbhavi, said: What.... they used to grow some wheat, red sorghum.... plant a few tubers, chilli plants... cotton. Now there's only hibrad (hybrid) ... where's the javari (organic/ local)? Hybrid seeds... hybrid crops.. even the children are hybrid. Hybrid seeds are sown on the earth... the children born are also hybrid.

The suggestion given by scientists after analysing the negative environmental and social impact of 'Green Revolution' is.

Options:

Hybrid varieties should be promoted as they increase agricultural production

Scientific farming methods are better than traditional ones

Farmers should return to traditional methods of cultivation

It is impossible to cultivate land using traditional methods in the modern times

Correct Answer:

Farmers should return to traditional methods of cultivation

Explanation:

The correct answer is Option (3) → Farmers should return to traditional methods of cultivation

Often it is thought that imparting knowledge of ‘scientific’ farming methods will improve the conditions of Indian farmers. We should remember that Indian farmers have been cultivating the land for centuries, much before the advent of the Green Revolution. They have very deep and extensive traditional knowledge about the land they till and the crops they sow. Much of this knowledge, like the many traditional varieties of seeds that were developed over the centuries by farmers, is being lost as hybrid, high-yielding, and genetically modified varieties of seeds are being promoted as more productive and ‘scientific’ (Gupta 1998; Vasavi 1999b). In view of the negative environmental and social impact of modern methods of cultivation that has been observed, a number of scientists as well as farmers’ movements now suggest a return to traditional, more organic seeds and methods of cultivation. Many rural people themselves believe that hybrid varieties are less healthy than the traditional ones.