Which one of the following statements is wrong regarding ecological pyramids?

They considered the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels

The correct answer is Option (4) → They considered the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels

Explanation:

They do not include saprophytes (decomposers):

• Correct Statement: Ecological pyramids typically do not include saprophytes or decomposers, as these organisms are not part of the direct food chain and are involved in breaking down dead organic matter.

Insect feeding on a big tree is an example of inverted pyramid of numbers:

• Correct Statement: When a single large tree (producer) supports many herbivores like insects, the pyramid of numbers is inverted because the base (producers) is smaller compared to the next trophic level (herbivores).

The pyramid of biomass in a sea is inverted:

• Correct Statement: The pyramid of biomass in sea is generally inverted because the biomass of fishes far exceeds that of phytoplankton.The producers are smallest organisms while carnivores are large in size. Consequently , there is a gradual increase in biomass of organisms at successive trophic levels from producers onwards to top carnivores resulting in inverted pyramid. Thus, the biomass of phytoplanktons will be smaller than that of zooplanktons; the biomass of zooplanktons will be lesser than of primary carnivores ( e.g., small fishes).

They considered the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels:

• Incorrect Statement: Ecological pyramids do not consider species that occupy multiple trophic levels. For example, an omnivore feeding at both primary consumer and secondary consumer levels is not accounted for in the traditional pyramid model.

Conclusion:

The statement "They considered the same species belonging to two or more trophic levels" is wrong.