The correct answer is Option (1) → (A), (B) and (D) only
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(A) Worsening of regional inequalities: The program was largely successful in well-irrigated regions like Punjab, Haryana, and Western Uttar Pradesh. This concentrated prosperity in these areas, while states with inadequate irrigation and infrastructure were left behind, leading to a significant increase in regional inequalities.
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(B) Increased commercialization in agriculture: The new technologies and inputs, such as HYV seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, were expensive. This necessitated that farming shift from a subsistence-based model to a commercial model, where farmers produced a surplus for the market to recover their high costs.
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(D) Benefited the rich farmers: The high capital investment required for the new technology meant that only large, wealthy farmers could afford to adopt it fully. They reaped the greatest benefits from increased yields, while small and marginal farmers were often unable to compete, leading to a widening of the socio-economic gap in rural areas.
The statement that the Green Revolution decreased the pace of rural-urban migration is incorrect. The mechanization that accompanied the Green Revolution reduced the need for manual labor on farms, displacing many landless laborers and small farmers, who then migrated to urban areas in search of employment. |
